X-rays for Materials Characterization: From Laboratory Devices to Megascale Research Facilities
Section outline
-
-
-
-
Студенты должныОтметить как выполненныйLet's introduce the term "spectroscopy" - the one so widely used with respect to numerous characterization techniques.
-
-
Студенты должныОтметить как выполненный
We have already mentioned that spectroscopies can utilize photons, electrons, neutrons or other types of particles. This can be used as one of the possible classifications. Now we will also classify characterization techniques by the type of process occurring upon interaction with particle beam and by energy range of the particles in case of photons.
-
-
-
-
Студенты должныОтметить как выполненный
Let's review the essential aspects of crystallography which we have to remember when dealing with X-ray diffraction
-
-
Студенты должныОтметить как выполненный
There are two mathematical procedures, Fourier-transformation and Convolution, which will be used occasionally in different parts of this course. Let's try to understand how they work.
-
-
Студенты должныОтметить как выполненный
There are two approaches which can explain the origin of X-ray diffraction: an easy one and the correct one. We will go through each of them.
-
-
Студенты должныОтметить как выполненный
Interestingly, but usually when dealing with X-ray diffraction we actually mean powder X-ray diffraction which in contrast to single-crystal diffraction is less informative but not that demanding in terms of sample preparation and that's why so widely used.
-
-
Студенты должныОтметить как выполненный
Now let's learn how to extract structural information from powder X-ray diffraction. We will start with simple manual analysis and then proceed with specialized software.
-
-
-
-
-
Студенты должныОтметить как выполненный
Extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS) is a part of spectrum in the 100-1000 eV range above the absorption edge.
-
-
Студенты должныОтметить как выполненный
X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) is a part of spectrum up to ca. 100 eV above the absorption edge. Unlike EXAFS it is sensitive to electronic structure and 3D geometry, but its analysis is not that straightforward.
-
-
-
-
-
Студенты должныОтметить как выполненный
Being called a parasitic radiation in the middle of 20th century, synchrotron radiation have turned into an independent and practically oriented area of science.
-
-
Студенты должныОтметить как выполненный
Let's travel through the main parts of the synchrotron and see how the synchrorton radiation is generated. We will start from linac and booster and end up with bending magnets and insertion devices. Maybe we also visit a canteen - the most attractive part for exhausted synchrotron users.
-
-
Студенты должныОтметить как выполненный
X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) represent a new type of linear electron accelerators producing extremely brilliant, ultra-short (~ 100 fs) and spatially coherent X-ray pulses.
-
-
Студенты должныОтметить как выполненныйLet's learn a couple of fascinating scientific studies done at large scale facilities from the world-leading researchers.
-
-
-
-
Студенты должныОтметить как выполненный
Choose one of the X-ray based techniques and demonstrate how can you use it to solve a research problem relevant to your field of study. Share your reports with other students of the course.
-
Студенты должныОтметить как выполненный
Ready for the final exam? You will have only one trial.
-